Direct holdings

A filing that names Bitcoin, Ethereum or another token may describe direct crypto or an account at an exchange. The form still does not expose a public wallet address unless the filer separately provides one, so a tracker should not guess on-chain balances.

Exchange-traded funds

A spot Bitcoin ETF share is a security whose fund holds Bitcoin. It offers price exposure without giving the shareholder custody of the underlying coins. Congressional ETF transactions therefore belong in an exposure table, not in a list claiming who owns the most Bitcoin directly.

Crypto-sector equities

Coinbase, Strategy and mining-company shares may be economically sensitive to crypto prices, but they also carry company-specific business risk. JAT.Cool will track those securities as a separate sector lens rather than mixing them into the direct-asset ranking.

Primary sources